Conservation genetics is a critical discipline in the management and restoration of biodiversity, ensuring that species not only survive but thrive in their natural habitats. The major focus of the Conservation Genetics (WILD 3430) class is understanding how to use genetic data to manage populations, and students practiced this skill by considering bison population history and management.
Bison, once roaming the North American plains in their millions, faced dramatic population reductions during the 19th and early 20th centuries due to overhunting and habitat loss. This decline led to a drastic reduction in their genetic diversity, making the remaining populations vulnerable to inbreeding depression, reduced adaptability to changing environments, and susceptibility to diseases. By integrating principles from conservation genetics into bison management strategies, conservationists can ensure the preservation of the species’ genetic diversity. Maintaining a broad genetic base is essential for enhancing the bison’s ability to adapt to future environmental changes and resisting potential disease outbreaks. Moreover, it helps in rectifying the adverse genetic consequences of past population bottlenecks, thereby aiding in their long-term survival and evolutionary potential.
Class contributions to considering bison management via genetic data: